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Amodiaquine, also known by its CAS number 86-42-0, is a pharmaceutical substance used for the treatment of malaria. It belongs to the class of antimalarial drugs and is commonly used in combination with other medications to increase its effectiveness. Amodiaquine works by interfering with the growth and replication of the malaria parasite, thus helping to eliminate the infection from the body. It is available in various forms such as tablets, capsules, and syrups for oral administration. Amodiaquine is a crucial component in the global efforts to combat malaria, particularly in regions where the disease is prevalent. -
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APABETALONE, also known as RVX-208, is a pharmaceutical substance that has been developed for the treatment of various cardiovascular conditions. Its chemical name is 4-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-, 2H-thieno(3,2-b)pyridin-7-yl)butanoic acid. The CAS number for APABETALONE is 1044870-39-4. It works by modulating certain genes involved in lipid metabolism, resulting in the increase of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. APABETALONE has shown potential in clinical trials for its ability to reduce atherosclerosis and improve cardiovascular outcomes. It has also demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects and has been investigated as a potential treatment for other inflammatory disorders. Further research and clinical trials are necessary to fully understand the safety and efficacy of APABETALONE in different patient populations and indications. -
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Apremilast is a pharmaceutical substance with the chemical name N-[2-[1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1,3-dioxoisoindolin-4-yl]acetamide. Its CAS number is 608141-41-9. Apremilast is a small molecule inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), an enzyme that plays a role in the regulation of inflammation. It is primarily used as a treatment for certain autoimmune diseases, such as psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The substance works by inhibiting the production of certain pro-inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and interleukin-23 (IL-23). By reducing the levels of these mediators, it helps to suppress the autoimmune response and alleviate symptoms associated with chronic inflammation. Apremilast is available in oral tablet form and is usually taken once or twice daily, as prescribed by a healthcare professional. It may take several weeks for the full therapeutic effects to be observed. As with any medication, apremilast may caus -
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Artemether, with the Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number 71963-77-4, is a pharmaceutical substance used primarily in the treatment of malaria. It is a synthetic derivative of artemisinin, a compound derived from the Chinese herb Artemisia annua. Artemether is classified as an antimalarial agent and belongs to the class of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). Artemether is available in various pharmaceutical forms, including oral tablets and injection formulations. It is rapidly absorbed and converted into its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin in the body. This metabolite works by interacting with the heme moiety of hemoglobin, leading to the generation of toxic free radicals within malaria parasites, ultimately resulting in their destruction. As a highly effective antimalarial, artemether is recommended for uncomplicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. It is often used in combination with other antimalarial drugs, such as lumefantrine, to maximize efficacy and reduce the risk of re -
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Artemisinin, with the CAS number 63968-64-9, is a naturally occurring compound derived from the plant Artemisia annua, also known as sweet wormwood or annual wormwood. It is a sesquiterpene lactone with a unique chemical structure and possesses antimalarial properties. Artemisinin has been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine as a treatment for fever and malaria. However, its full potential as an effective antimalarial drug was realized in the 1970s by Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for her work on artemisinin. This pharmaceutical substance works by interacting with iron and forming reactive oxygen species inside the malaria parasite, leading to its destruction. As a result, artemisinin and its derivatives are considered first-line treatments for uncomplicated malaria, particularly for chloroquine-resistant strains. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as -
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Artemotil (CAS - 75887-54 beta-arteether) is an antimalarial artemisinin derivative, approved for the treatment of severe cases of P. falciparum malaria. The mixture of artemotil and alpha-arteether is used in patients with cerebral malaria. Most of the artemisinin compounds including artemotil are metabolized into dihydroartemisinin, which is responsible for antimalarial activity. These compounds contain stable endoperoxide bridge. The antimalarial activity of the drug thus is dependent on the cleavage of the endoperoxide by intraparasitic heme. The cleaved endoperoxide ultimately becomes a carbon centered free radical, which then functions as an alkylating agent, reacting with both heme and parasitic proteins (but not DNA). In P. falciparum, one of the principal alkylation target is the translationally controlled tumor protein (DHA-TCTP) homolog. Some intraparasitic TCTP is situated in the membrane surrounding the heme-rich food vacuole, where heme could catalyse the formation of drug-protein (DHA-TCTP) -
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Artenimol, also known as dihydroartemisinin (CAS number: 71939-50-9), is a pharmaceutical substance used in the treatment of malaria. It is derived from the Chinese herb Artemisia annua and belongs to the artemisinin class of antimalarial agents. Artenimol acts by rapidly killing the malaria parasites in the blood, making it highly effective in the treatment of both uncomplicated and severe cases of malaria. Its mechanism of action involves the production of reactive oxygen species, which cause oxidative stress and damage to the parasite's cell structures. Artenimol is typically administered in combination with other antimalarial drugs to prevent the development of drug resistance. -
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Arterolane, also known as OZ277, is a pharmaceutical substance that is used in the treatment of malaria. Its CAS number is 664338-39-0. Arterolane belongs to the class of antimalarial drugs known as arylaminoalcohols. It works by inhibiting the growth and replication of the Plasmodium parasite responsible for causing malaria. Arterolane is highly effective against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly species of malaria parasite. It is commonly used in combination therapy with another antimalarial drug called piperaquine to improve treatment outcomes and prevent the development of drug resistance. Arterolane has a relatively short half-life in the body, allowing for once-daily dosing. It is generally well-tolerated, with mild and transient side effects such as headache, nausea, and dizziness being reported. As an important tool in the fight against malaria, arterolane demonstrates promising results in clinical trials and is being utilized in various malar -
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Product: Artesunate CAS Number: 88495-63-0 Artesunate is a pharmaceutical substance used in the treatment of malaria, specifically for the treatment of severe cases or cases resistant to other antimalarial drugs. It belongs to the class of artemisinin derivatives, which are derived from the Chinese herb Artemisia annua. Artesunate exhibits potent antimalarial activity by specifically targeting the Plasmodium parasite responsible for causing malaria. It works by interfering with the parasite's ability to reproduce and spread, ultimately leading to its death. This mechanism of action makes it effective against both the blood stage and the dormant liver stage of the parasite. As a pharmaceutical substance, artesunate is typically administered through injection or oral tablets. It is rapidly absorbed and converted into its active form, dihydroartemisinin, in the body. The substance has a relatively short half-life, necessitating multiple dosages to ensure adequate therapeutic levels. -
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Betaxolol is a pharmaceutical substance that belongs to the class of beta-adrenergic blocking agents. Its systematic name is (RS)-1-[4-(2-Isopropoxyethoxymethyl)phenoxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-propanol. The CAS number for Betaxolol is 63659-18-7. It is mainly used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and certain heart conditions, such as angina and arrhythmias. Betaxolol works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in the body, such as adrenaline, that can increase heart rate and blood pressure. It is available in various forms such as tablets and eye drops. When prescribed as eye drops, Betaxolol is commonly used to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It helps to decrease the production of aqueous humor, reducing the pressure in the eye and preventing damage to the optic nerve. Betaxolol is typically administered under medical supervision, and the dosage may vary depending on the specific condition being treated. Common side eff -
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BREMELANOTIDE is a pharmaceutical substance primarily used for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction. Its chemical name is "Ac-Nle-c[Asp-His-(D-Phe)-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OH" and its CAS number is 189691-06-3. BREMELANOTIDE is a synthetic peptide that acts as a melanocortin receptor agonist. It specifically targets the melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R), which is involved in regulating sexual arousal and desire in the brain. By activating the MC4R, BREMELANOTIDE enhances sexual desire and arousal in women, particularly those with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. This pharmaceutical substance is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection. It is currently under development and evaluation for its safety and efficacy in treating female sexual dysfunction. BREMELANOTIDE has shown promising results in clinical trials, with improved sexual desire and satisfaction reported among the patients. However, it is important to note that as with any pharmaceutical substance, BREMELANOTIDE may have potential side effects -
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Bromfenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used as a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Its chemical name is 2-amino-3-(4-bromobenzoyl)phenylacetic acid, and it has the CAS number 91714-94-2. Bromfenac is primarily used as an ophthalmic solution to treat inflammation and pain following cataract surgery. It works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are inflammatory mediators involved in the development of pain, swelling, and redness. By blocking the action of COX-2, bromfenac helps reduce these post-operative symptoms and improve patient comfort. The ophthalmic solution of bromfenac is available in different strengths and is typically applied topically to the affected eye(s) in the form of eye drops. It is administered by healthcare professionals or as directed by a physician. The solution is usually well-tolerated, with the common side effects being temporary burning or stinging sensation upon application. Bromfenac is known for its high potency an -
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Chloroquine, also known by its CAS number 54-05-7, is a pharmaceutical substance primarily used for its antimalarial properties. It belongs to the class of 4-aminoquinoline compounds and is widely used in the prevention and treatment of malaria, caused by Plasmodium species. This pharmaceutical substance works by interfering with the growth and reproduction of the parasites in the red blood cells. Chloroquine inhibits heme polymerase enzyme, resulting in the accumulation of toxic heme metabolites within the parasites. This accumulation ultimately leads to the death of the parasites, thereby reducing the severity and duration of malarial infections. In addition to its antimalarial effects, chloroquine also exhibits immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been used to treat certain autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus, by reducing the production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Chloroquine is available in various formulations, including tablets -
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CRISABOROLE is a pharmaceutical substance with the CAS number 906673-24-3. It is an ointment that is used topically for the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis (eczema) in patients aged 2 years and older. CRISABOROLE belongs to a class of medications called phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors. It works by inhibiting the enzyme PDE4, which reduces inflammation and itching associated with atopic dermatitis. This drug is believed to have both anti-inflammatory and anti-itch properties. The ointment is typically applied directly to the affected skin twice daily. It is important to follow the instructions provided by a healthcare professional and to avoid using this medication on broken or infected skin. Common side effects of CRISABOROLE may include burning or stinging sensation at the application site, as well as skin redness or irritation. As with any medication, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before using CRISABOROLE to determine if it is suitable for individual circumsta -
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Cycloguanil pamoate is a pharmaceutical substance that belongs to the class of antimalarial drugs. Its chemical name is 4,6-diamino-N-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine pamoate. The CAS number of Cycloguanil pamoate is 609-78-9. Cycloguanil pamoate is used in the treatment and prevention of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, a parasite transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. It works by inhibiting the replication of the parasite, ultimately reducing the symptoms and preventing further transmission of the disease. This pharmaceutical substance is typically administered orally or intravenously. Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and dizziness. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and complete the entire course of treatment to ensure effectiveness. Overall, Cycloguanil pamoate is an essential component in the fight against malaria, a life-threatening disease that impacts millions of people worldwide. -
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Cyclosporine is a pharmaceutical substance that is also known by its generic name, ciclosporin. Its chemical name is (E)-cyclo[(2S,3R,4R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-6-octenoyl]-L-2-aminobutanoyl-N-methylglycine. The CAS number for cyclosporine is 59865-13-3. Cyclosporine is primarily used as an immunosuppressant drug. It works by suppressing the immune system to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is commonly prescribed to organ transplant patients to help prevent their bodies from rejecting the new organ. Additionally, cyclosporine is used to treat certain autoimmune disorders like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and a severe form of dry eye disease called keratoconjunctivitis sicca. In these conditions, cyclosporine helps to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms. Cyclosporine is available in various forms such as capsules, oral solution, and injection, depending on the specific treatment requirements. It is typically administered under the supervision of a healthcare professional due -
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Desonide is a synthetic corticosteroid drug that is used topically for the treatment of various skin conditions, including eczema, dermatitis, and psoriasis. It is classified as a class 1 corticosteroid, which means it has the highest potency among topical corticosteroids. The chemical name of desonide is 11β,21-Dihydroxy-16α,17α-isopropylidenedioxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, and its CAS number is 638-94-8. Desonide works by reducing inflammation, itching, and redness associated with skin conditions. It is available in various forms such as creams, ointments, lotions, and gels. As with any corticosteroid, desonide should be used as directed by a healthcare professional and for the prescribed duration. Prolonged or excessive use may lead to systemic absorption and potential side effects, such as thinning of the skin, skin discoloration, or steroid acne. Desonide has been found to be effective in managing a wide range of skin conditions, providing relief to individuals suffering from discomfort and improvi -
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Dexamethasone is a pharmaceutical substance that belongs to the class of corticosteroid drugs. It is known by its chemical name 9-fluoro-11β,17,21-trihydroxy-16α-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. The CAS number for dexamethasone is 50-02-2. Dexamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid that has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. It is commonly used in the treatment of various inflammatory conditions, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. Dexamethasone works by suppressing the immune system, reducing inflammation, and decreasing the release of substances in the body that cause inflammation. This pharmaceutical substance is available in various forms such as tablets, injections, eye drops, and creams. It is often prescribed by healthcare professionals for short-term use to control acute symptoms, or for long-term use in chronic conditions. Dexamethasone should be used under medical supervision, as it can have significant side effects and interactions with other medications. Some common -
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DIFLUPREDNATE is a pharmaceutical substance used in the treatment of eye inflammation. It is a corticosteroid and belongs to the class of anti-inflammatory medications. The CAS number of DIFLUPREDNATE is 23674-86-4. -
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Dimethyl fumarate is a pharmaceutical substance that is classified as an immunomodulatory agent. Its chemical name is dimethyl (2E)-but-2-enedioate, and its CAS number is 624-49-7. Dimethyl fumarate is commonly used as an oral treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). It works by reducing inflammation and preventing damage to the myelin sheath, which is the protective covering of nerve fibers. By modulating the immune system, dimethyl fumarate helps to decrease the frequency and severity of MS relapses. In addition to its immunomodulatory properties, dimethyl fumarate is also known for its antioxidant effects. It can scavenge reactive oxygen species, which are harmful molecules that can cause cellular damage. This antioxidant activity may contribute to the neuroprotective benefits of dimethyl fumarate in MS treatment. Dimethyl fumarate is typically prescribed in the form of delayed-release capsules. The recommended dosage varies depending on the specific condition being treated, and it is usually taken twice -
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The pharmaceutical substance Efinaconazole is an antifungal agent that is used for the treatment of fungal infections, particularly those affecting the nails (onychomycosis). It is available in the form of a topical solution or nail lacquer. Efinaconazole is chemically classified as an imidazole derivative and its chemical name is 2,4-dichloro-N-{(2R,3S)-1-[6-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]azetidin-3-yl}benzamide. The CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) number of Efinaconazole is 164650-44-6. -
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Fenspiride is a pharmaceutical substance with the CAS number 5053-06-5. It is an anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator agent used in the treatment of respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fenspiride acts by reducing inflammation in the airways, improving the flow of air, and relieving symptoms associated with respiratory disorders. It is available in oral tablet form and is commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals to manage and alleviate respiratory symptoms in patients. -
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Fenticonazole, also known by its CAS number 72479-26-6, is a pharmaceutical substance that belongs to the class of antifungal drugs. It is primarily used to treat various fungal infections, including dermatophytosis (ringworm), candidiasis (yeast infection), and pityriasis versicolor (a fungal skin infection). Fenticonazole works by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of fungus in the body. It does this by interfering with the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Without ergosterol, the fungal cell membrane becomes leaky and weak, leading to the death of the fungus. This pharmaceutical substance is available in various formulations, such as creams, powders, solutions, and suppositories, allowing for different routes of administration depending on the type and location of the infection. It is typically applied topically or vaginally, and in some cases, it may be prescribed orally. Fenticonazole has shown efficacy in treating a wide range of fungal infections and is -
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Flucytosine, also known by its generic name 5-Fluorocytosine, is a pharmaceutical substance primarily used in the treatment of fungal infections, particularly those caused by Candida and Cryptococcus species. Its chemical structure consists of a cytosine base with a fluorine atom at the 5-position, hence its name. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number for Flucytosine is 2022-85-7. It is available in various dosage forms, including oral tablets and capsules. Flucytosine is an antifungal agent that works by inhibiting the synthesis of fungal DNA and RNA, thereby disrupting the growth and replication of the fungal cells. Upon oral administration, Flucytosine is readily absorbed into the bloodstream and widely distributed throughout the body. It undergoes enzymatic conversion by cytosine deaminase within the fungal cells into its active form, 5-fluorouracil. 5-fluorouracil functions by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, an essential enzyme for the synthesis of DNA. Flucytosine is frequently used in combina
